Tuesday, April 23, 2013

How Many Moles In A Solution... (Shout out to God for making this simple)

Tidbits you can't simply live life without... . . . . . . . 
  • The concentration of a solution is usually given in moles per litre (mol L-1 OR mol/L). This is also known as molarity. 
  • Concentration in mol/L or mol L-1, or Molarity, is given the symbol c (sometimes M).
      Examples:
            [HCl] = 0.01 mol L-1 (concentration implied by square brackets around formula)
    or
            c(HCl) = 0.01 mol L-1 (c stands for concentration, formula given in brackets) 
c = n ÷ V

      c = concentration of solution in mol L-1 (mol/L or M),
      n = moles of substance being dissolved (moles of solute),
      V = volume of solution in litres (L)

moles of solute given molarity and volume of solution: n = c x V 
volume of solution given moles of solute and molarity: V = n ÷ c 

Example/s:

How many moles of {\rm KCl} are contained in each of the following?

1.6L of a 0.92M {\rm KCl} solution 
 
.92M =  n / 1.6L
or
n = .92M X 1.6L

n = 1.472 = 1.5 mol (rounded to two significant numbers)


126mL of a 1.73M {\rm KCl} solution 

* 1 Liter = 1000 Milliliters
* 1 Milliliter = 0.001 Liter

126mL =  0.126 liters

n = 1.73 X .126L

n = .21798 =  .218 mol (rounded to three significant numbers)


0.602L of a 2.0M {\rm KCl} solution  

n = 2.0 X .602L

n = 1.204 = 1.2 mol  (rounded to two significant numbers)