- The concentration of a solution is usually given in moles per litre (mol L-1 OR mol/L). This is also known as molarity.
- Concentration in mol/L or mol L-1, or Molarity, is given the symbol c (sometimes M).
Examples:
[HCl] = 0.01 mol L-1 (concentration implied by square brackets around formula)
or
c(HCl) = 0.01 mol L-1 (c stands for concentration, formula given in brackets)
c = concentration of solution in mol L-1 (mol/L or M),
n = moles of substance being dissolved (moles of solute),
V = volume of solution in litres (L)
moles of solute given molarity and volume of solution: n = c x V
volume of solution given moles of solute and molarity: V = n ÷ c
Example/s:
How many moles of are contained in each of the following?
1.6 of a 0.92 solution
.92M = n / 1.6L
or
n = .92M X 1.6L
n = 1.472 = 1.5 mol (rounded to two significant numbers)
126 of a 1.73 solution
* 1 Liter = 1000 Milliliters
* 1 Milliliter = 0.001 Liter
126mL = 0.126 liters
n = 1.73 X .126L
n = .21798 = .218 mol (rounded to three significant numbers)
0.602 of a 2.0 solution
n = 2.0 X .602L
n = 1.204 = 1.2 mol (rounded to two significant numbers)